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Ceramics-Silikáty |
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EFFECTS OF AN ALKALI TREATMENT ON TNTZ SURFACES TO GROW Ca-P USING IMMERSION IN A SIMULATED BODY FLUID AND A HANKS′ BALANCED SALT SOLUTION
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Simbolon Silviana 1,2, Gunawarman 1, Susanti Oknovia 1, Ramadhan Muhamad Hafizh 1, Abadi Farhan 1, Ilhamdi 1, Zakiyuddin Ahmad 3, Sudiro Toto 4, Niinomi Mitsuo 5
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1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Pamulang, Banten, Indonesia
3 Department of Metallurgy Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
4 National Research and Innovation Agency, Banten, Indonesia
5 Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Keywords: TNTZ, Alkali treatment, Apatite, SBF Kokubo, Hank′s Solution
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An alkaline treatment was conducted by immersing TNTZ in NaOH solutions with concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 M at 60 °C for 24 hours. Following the alkali treatment, the samples were immersed in a Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) Kokubo and Hank’s Solution for 2, 3, and 4 weeks using an incubator shaker at 37 °C. The treated TNTZ was then analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The results indicated that TNTZ was subjected to alkaline treatment with NaOH concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 M, along with soaking in SBF Kokubo and Hank’s Solution for varying durations. In the presence of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P), an apatite layer was also developed, accompanied by a TiO₂ layer. The XRF testing revealed that as the concentration of NaOH and the immersion time in the Hank′s Solution and SBF Kokubo increased, the formation of apatite on the TNTZ also increased. This was evidenced by a higher content of the Ca and P elements. Additionally, the TiO₂ layer covered more than 40% of the TNTZ surface. The presence of TiO₂, Ca, and P confirms that the simple alkaline treatment process applied to TNTZ can enhance the bioactive properties of the material. |
doi: 10.13168/cs.2025.0022
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