Ceramics-Silikáty 69, (4) 534 - 542 (2025)

This study presents the synthesis of pure barium magnesium titanate (BMT) and 0.10(HA)–0.90(BMT) composite samples using a solid-state reaction method assisted by spark plasma sintering. The spark plasma sintering technique effectively controlled grain growth, improving physical, mechanical, and electrical properties. Structural analyses performed via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the phase purity and consistency of the materials. Surface morphology and elemental composition were extensively characterized for both samples. Dielectric measurements, including real and imaginary permittivity, were conducted at room temperature across a frequency range of 40 Hz to 1 MHz. The incorporation of hydroxyapatite (HA) reduced the dielectric constant from 1107 to 1047 while increasing the loss tangent from 0.011 to 0.016. AC conductivity analysis revealed low conductivity at lower frequencies for both samples, which increased significantly at higher frequencies, reaching a maximum of 7.27×10⁻⁴, 7.27×10⁻⁴ S/cm at 1 MHz for pure BMT and the HA-BMT composite. Mechanical testing showed a slight reduction in maximum load during nanoindentation from 8.84 to 7.025 mN upon HA addition, attributable to increased porosity. These findings highlight the potential of the HA-BMT composite for biomedical applications, where tailored electrical and mechanical properties are critical for functional performance.